There a 15-year-old pupil attracted his attention and was brought up in the palace like a son of the family; it was Michelangelo. The Pazzi conspiracy in 1478 came as a rude shock to a carefree city. The crowd stood by the Medici, seized the conspirators, and tore them limb from limb. In 1471 the popular assemblies lost their financial powers. Lorenzo de’ Medici, (January 1, 1449 – April 8, 1492) was a Florentine politician and one of the most prominent patrons of arts and culture in Italy. Despite his efforts, the Medici coffers were drained by their spending and by bad loans their bank supported, so Lorenzo began trying to fill the gaps through misappropriations. When that failed to bring Lorenzo around, he tried allying with Naples and launched an invasion. Lorenzo de’ Medici (also known as the Elder), was the younger brother of Cosimo. He ruled Florence with his younger brother, Giuliano (1453–78), from 1469 to 1478 and, after the latter’s assassination, was sole ruler from 1478 to 1492. The Magnificent Lorenzo, virtual ruler of Florence in the late 15th century, was one of the fine poets of his time. Synopsis. Upon the death of his father, Piero de’ Medici, and his own accession to power, Lorenzo immediately let it be known that he intended to follow his father’s and grandfather’s example and “use constitutional methods as much as possible.” In saying this, he was, however, keeping up appearances. Her history and arts writing has been featured on Slate, HowlRound, and BroadwayWorld.​, ThoughtCo uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience and for our, Biography of Cosimo de' Medici, De Facto Ruler of Florence, Biography of Catherine de Medici, Renaissance Queen, Key Dates in Renaissance Philosophy, Politics, Religion, and Science, Florence: The Center of Early Italian Renaissance Art, Biography of Leonardo da Vinci, Inventor and Artist of the Renaissance, Biography of Sandro Botticelli, Birth of Venus Painter, Leonardo, Michelangelo & Raphael: Art of the Italian High Renaissance, Biography of Isabella d'Este, Patron of the Renaissance, Donatello - Master of Renaissance Sculpture, Industry and Agriculture History in Europe, M.F.A, Dramatic Writing, Arizona State University, B.A., English Literature, Arizona State University, B.A., Political Science, Arizona State University. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Save 50% off a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. He even maintained good trading ties with the Ottoman Empire. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Amanda Prahl is a playwright, lyricist, freelance writer, and university instructor. In a nutshell: Lorenzo de’ Medici, known as The Magnificent, was born in Florence in 1449 – son of Piero the Gouty and Lucrezia Tornabuoni – and died in 1492. Lorenzo left behind a Florence that would soon overthrow Medici rule—although his son and his nephew would eventually return the Medici to power—but he also left behind a rich and vast legacy of culture that came to define Florence’s place in history. Although Lorenzo himself rarely commissioned work, he often connected artists with other patrons and helped them get commissions. 6. The city and its clergy rejected the proposal. Giuliano, however, was not as lucky: he suffered a violent death by stabbing. His daughter Maddalena was married to a son of Pope Innocent VIII (born before his father’s entry into religious orders), and his eldest son, Piero, married another Orsini. In 1469, when Lorenzo was twenty years old, his father died, leaving Lorenzo to inherit the work of ruling Florence. But the recurrent accusation that the Medici bank was kept solvent at the expense of the public treasury is not borne out by the facts. Lorenzo de’ Medici died at the Villa Medici at Careggi, on April 8, 1492, reportedly dying peacefully after hearing the day’s Scripture readings. The Pazzi bank, in the course of a treacherous war in which the adversaries did not scruple to use the most devious methods, had taken the business affairs of the papacy away from the Medici. Two of the primogenito Medici dukes, Giuliano and Lorenzo, are depicted in the sculptural masterpieces of Michelangelo in the Capella Medici of the San Lorenzo basilica in Florence ().The sculptor worked posthumously (1526–34), both dukes having died about a decade earlier, and in all probability he had never met either of them when they were alive. Cell of Silence. The Florentines, who had grown weary of festivities, listened to his appeals for asceticism and to his terrifying prophecies, among which was the imminent death of the “tyrant.” But it was easy for him to be thus prophetic, for Lorenzo’s health had been declining for three years, and the secret had not been well kept. The movement of funds between the Medici bank and the treasury of the signoria was the equivalent of that occurring between private and public banks in modern states. Lorenzo, sick in bed, wanted to know on which side the ball had fallen. On the recommendation of Pico della Mirandola, Lorenzo permitted the Dominican monk Girolamo Savonarola to preach at San Marco in 1490. From then on he was considered the Wise, “the needle on the Italian scales.” He did not take advantage of his position by imitating the Sforza and making himself a duke. In the field of arts, he notably advanced the careers of Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci. The accumulated paleopathological and historical evidence has led to a reasonable conclusion that males in the Medici family typically suffered from a complex clinical entity with a triple pathology of stenotic spinal ankylosis, recurrent peripheral joint disease and erythematous skin disease. He was buried beside his brother, in the old sacristy of San Lorenzo. During Lorenzo's tenure, several branches of the family bank collapsed because of bad loans, and in later years he got into financial difficulties and resorted to misappropriating trust and state funds. Lorenzo married an Orsini, of the high Roman nobility. There was, however, one difference between Lorenzo and titled kings, who are able to live in pomp and ceremony even when their treasury is empty. Ferdinand, disconcerted, perhaps intimidated, yielded and concluded a peace; and Sixtus IV, now isolated, could only comply with it. Known as Lorenzo the Magnificent, the Florentine statesman and arts patron is considered the most brilliant of the Medici.

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